Automobiles generally have two independent brake mechanisms, foot brake and hand brake. The purpose of using the brake is to force the car to decelerate quickly until it stops, or to maintain a certain speed when going downhill. In addition, it can also be used to reliably keep the stopped car in place and not slippery. In driving, the correct use of brakes not only helps to ensure driving safety, but also helps to save fuel, reduce tire wear, and prevent mechanical damage. How should you use the brakes correctly? Will you use the brakes?
1. Predictive braking
The pre-deceleration and braking measures taken by the driver for stopping according to his own purpose or in response to the situation that has been discovered are called predictive braking. The method is to quickly raise the accelerator pedal, make full use of the engine’s drag effect, and lightly step on the brake pedal to make the car slow down. When the car is about to stop, step on the clutch pedal, put the transmission gear in the neutral position, and stop the car in a predetermined position steadily.
2. Emergency braking
During driving, when a dangerous situation occurs suddenly, the braking measures that have to be taken to stop the car quickly are called emergency braking. The method is to quickly raise the accelerator pedal and immediately depress the brake pedal forcefully, and at the same time pull the hand brake abruptly to make the car stop quickly. This method not only causes serious damage to the tires and chassis parts, but also easily produces tail flicks, which is not conducive to driving safety. Therefore, it should not be used as a last resort.
3. Downhill braking
No one will deny that it is impossible to go downhill without braking, but the downhill must never be completely braked. When going downhill, you should slow down and put on a gear that matches the speed of the vehicle. Only when the engine sounds unpleasant and the gear cannot control the speed, the brakes should be supplemented. The method is that for pneumatic braking, the pedal should not be released too much with the pedal to avoid reducing the air pressure too quickly. You should continue to step down a certain stroke according to the required braking intensity; when you need to reduce the braking intensity, relax the pedal a little. When going down a long slope, as long as the air pressure can meet the needs, appropriate intermittent braking can be used. In this way, it is beneficial to the cooling of the brake hub and the brake shoe. If the car you are driving has exhaust brakes, use exhaust brakes as much as possible. For hydraulic braking, after stepping on the brake pedal twice, step on the pedal with your foot to make the pedal in a higher near braking state. When you need to increase the braking force, step down a little further, and you need to reduce the braking force and raise it slightly. When the height of the brake pedal is gradually reduced, you can step on it twice to make the pedal height rise again.
Fourth, use the hand brake for downhill braking failure
When going down a long slope, when the foot brake suddenly fails due to an accidental failure, you must deal with it calmly. You can use the “grab gear” method to enhance the drag of the engine. At the same time, you must control the direction flexibly and correctly, and then use the hand brake to slow down until you stop. The method is to press the handle brake lever button and gradually tighten the hand brake lever, so that the vehicle speed is gradually reduced under the action of the hand brake. When manipulating, it can be pulled, loosened, pulled again, loosened again, and repeated. When the vehicle comes to a stop, fix the hand brake in the tensioned position. It should be noted that the hand brake lever can not be tightened all at once, nor can it be pulled too slowly. It is easy to “lock” the hand brake disc or brake shoe by pulling it tightly, and it is easy to damage the transmission parts and lose the braking force; pulling it too tightly will cause the brake disc or brake shoe to wear and ablate. Out of action.
5. Braking on muddy, rain and snow roads
When driving on a muddy, rainy, snowy road and needs to slow down or stop, you should use predictive braking as much as possible, and use the engine’s drag brake as much as possible, use the hand brake flexibly, try to avoid foot braking, and never use emergency Brake to avoid accidents. Use the foot brake, use it intermittently, and don’t slam it to death. Since the braking distance on muddy, rainy and snowy roads is much larger than that on dry roads, when using the brakes, you should brake according to the vehicle speed and the terrain of the road, so that you can step on and release slowly. During the braking process, once the whole vehicle is caused to slip, quickly release the brake and stabilize the direction. When a tail flick occurs, turn the steering wheel in the slipping direction as appropriate to make the vehicle return to a straight driving position without accelerating too much. Give directions in case something goes wrong.
Sixth, soft traction driving brake
When driving with soft traction, the vehicle ahead should try to avoid using brakes without special circumstances, and must not use emergency braking. If you want to stop, use the coasting brake method to reduce the speed; if you use the brake, you should use the intermittent braking method, and at the same time Call the horn to inform the following car. The following vehicle should pay close attention to the movement of the vehicle ahead, and place your foot or hand on the brake pedal or hand brake. Once you find that the vehicle in front is braking, immediately step on the pedal or tighten the hand brake. If the vehicle in front brakes urgently, turn the steering wheel while the vehicle in front is braking, so that the front of the vehicle is tilted to one side of the front rear rail to avoid a collision.
Seven, with trailer driving brake
Braking with trailers has a long stopping distance and poor synchronization. The connecting part of the traction device is easy to hit, and the acceleration performance after braking is poor. Therefore, predictive braking should be used as much as possible when driving with a trailer, using sliding and engine drag to decelerate, and when using foot braking, lightly pedal in advance and slow down.
In short, in driving, we should try to use predictive braking and avoid using emergency braking to ensure safe driving.
